Preparationsteps Before performingthe unloading process,need to be preparedthe necessarytools andequipment.This is so thetime requiredis not lostbecause they have tofinda toolorequipment. Toolsandequipment neededare: a)Jackcarand strut/jackstand b)transmissionjackas shownbelow. Type ofhydraulicjack,but some areusingthe screw.Thisbecomesveryimportanttoolin thedismantlingandinstallation oftransmission.Becausethe positionandthetransmissionwillcomplicate the process ofinstallationordemolition.Besidesthe safety ofworkers will beveryharmfulwithoutthisjack,andalsothe accuracy ofthe transmissioninstallation.
a)The tool boxcontainingthe requiredkey b)worklightstolightconsidering the positionunder thevehicleyangcenderungtransmission. c)Pumptransmissionlubrication oilfillerandoillubricants. d)Bodyof the oldlubricantreservoir. e)Vetgravitandcloth/cotton waste.
Demolition process: a)Disconnect thenegativebatteryterminal,istoguard againstshort-circuitcurrentwork. b)Raise thecarusing a jackandplug thehighjackstandremovalto make room forthefreemovementof workersandthedemolitionand installation oftransmission. c)Remove therubbercoverstick/lever/handlethe transmissiongear shifting.See figure16below.By removing thefasteningbolts. d)Remove thetransmissionhandlesgear shifting,by removing thefasteningboltsandliftout. e)Remove thestartermotor,which isoffthe wiresandfasteningbolts. f)Remove thetransmissionlubricatingoil,by opening thetapbolts,andprepare alubricatingoiltank.Afterfinished, replacethe screwtapand remove thelubricatingoiltank, not tospill.Ifused to clean thespill. g)Remove thepropellerkeporosconnection,so that when theinstallation is notmistakenlymarkedbefore being released.As shownin FIG. h)Remove thespeedometercableandreverselightwiresfrom theterminal. i)Remove theclutchcablefrom theleverliberator j)Remove thehandleandexhaustclampsassociated with the transmission. k)Placethe transmissionjackwell,if necessaryfasteningwith boltsorchainsareavailable.This is toavoid thetransmissionfallsoffwhenthe boltfastening. l) Remove the transmission mounting.m) Loosen the bolts fastening the transmission home. Consider whether the transmission remains in a flat position or not, when tilted like the image 20, then raise the jack.n) When the transmission is flat with the correct position, then remove the bolts fastening the transmission. Once again, note the flat position transsmisi.o)
Pull the transmission towards the rear of the car, until the end of the
transmission shaft pirmer off, and then lower the transmission jack to
pelan2 expected when pulled out from under the car is concerned.p) Reduce the transmission of the jack. Examination:a) Check the leakage of lubricating oil on the transmission input shaft seal. If there are signs of leakage instead of his seal. Oil
leak is in addition to causing lack of air-transmitted quantity of
lubricating oil, also when taxable koling be causing the clutch plate
slip.b) Examination of lubricant oil leakage is also on the crankshaft seal.c) Examination of the wear of the clutch cable connection, and congestion.d) Check bearing road, the play is still smooth or broken. If damaged replace a new one. Installation instructions:a)
Lubricate using a grease-resistant graphite or hot grease in the
bearings pilt on the fly wheel, boss conductor groove bearing press,
and the transmission shaft groove. Look at the picture 19. besides that it is also at the end of the clutch cable.The parts are given a Vet b)
Install / Rev transmission on transmission jack, like the previous
position of the transmission must be flat, especially the transmission
input shaft. And the transmission belt properly on the jack in position when installed.c) Put the jack under the car and the transmission kekolong.d) Raise the jack until the correct input shaft to pilot bearing.e) Encourage the transmission slowly to match the end of the transmission input shaft pilot bearing on the fly wheel. After the fitting, slide the transmission back to the house to sit with ease. In this process should never be forced out by pressing the home life of the transmission bolts prngikat.f) Install the transmission mounting bolts and fastener. Harden according to the moment of hardening of the manual.g) Replace the motor and its starter cord.h) Install the propeller shaft in accordance with the sign made.i) Connect the speedometer cable and reverse cable and exhaust clamps.j) Fill the transmission lubricant.k) Install the clutch cable and sets the height and the freedom of the clutch pedal. See figure 22 below. Pedal height = 150.8 mm, and its freedom = 20-35 mm.l) Place the transmission shift handle with a rubber cover.m) Lower car from jack stands.n) Turn on the car, try adjusting the clutch and transmission work.o) Clean tools and equipment used.
1)Compressor The compressoris drivenby thefan beltfromenginepulley.Thiswilldrive therotation ofthe compressorpiston/vaneandpistonmovements/vanewill causepressure onthegaseousrefrigerantso thatthe pressure isincreasedwhich in itselfalsowillincreaseits temperature.
Thesetypes ofcompressorscan be dividedinto:
ReciprocatingType: Cranktype Swashplatetype
Rotarytype Throughvanetype
2)Clutchmagnet(MagneticClutch) Magnetic couplingis acompressorwhichsuppliesatool used toremove andconnect thecompressorto theengine speed.Equipmentpoint is:Stator,rotorandpressure plate.Working systemofthisdeviceisan electromagnetic. How it works: Compressorpulleysare alwaysspinningby therotation ofthe enginethrough thefan beltwhen the enginelife.ACswitchinpositionoff,the compressorwill not spin,and thecompressorwill onlyspinwhen theACswitchin the positionto live(on)this is causedbyan electric currentflowingto the statorcoilwill change thestatorcoilintoan electricmagnetthat willattractpressure plateandthe fieldtangentwillrubandstick togetherin oneunit(Clutchassembly)rotatingcompressor.
a)Three-SpeedTransmissionwithSlidingmesh This transmissionhas beenusedinmotor vehiclesinthe 1930's.Here is notgoing to learnthe history of thetransmission,butthismodeleasiertounderstandthe workingprinciple ofatransmission,in particularhow the process ofremoval/transfer ofpower/momentcarriedin amotor vehicletransmission.A simple schematicmodelof thistransmission,can be seenin the picture below.This transmissionusesgearsspur geartypeandis madewiththreeseparateshafts,namely: (1)the primaryshaft(4) (primaryshaft)- theshaftthat receivesthe firstrotarymotionof theclutch. (2)intermediateshaft(2) (layshaft/countershaft)- that iswherethe countergearsare placed. (3)the mainshaft(9) (mainshaft)- theshaftout of thetransmission,transferpowertoothersystem components.
Primaryshaftwhich is connectedto theclutch,dipasaangdeadendswiththeplayerpinionfixedto the transmission system,andprovideroundthegears ontheintermediateshaft.While themainshaftgearscan be shiftedon-slideindividuallyandcan be connectedwiththe existinggearonintermediateshaftismade to rotatetogether.Shiftinggears on themainshaft,use theshift(8)passed to theselectorfork(6). In theneutralposition,all thegears on themainshaftis positionednot associatedwiththe existinggearonintermediateshaft.Rotationofthe primaryshaftforwarded to thegears on theintermediateshaft,butdo notrotatethegearonthe mainshaft.In other words,rotationofthe primaryshaftis not transferredto the main shaft/outputtransmission. ToothpositionFirst,the gearsonthe main shaftAis shiftedupa gearconnectedto theintermediateshaftBtoseethe imagein Figure5or6partsnumber 11.Cwhilethe gearsin neutral.In this position,means therotationofthe gearshaftEinthe primary,Ftransferred to thegearwheelmountedgearoffwithBorFgearwheelgearB.Rotationofthe geartogearBis movedandpassedkeporosAmaintransmissionoutput.Because theplayergear(driver) the number ofteethless (iegearsEandB)oftheplayinggear(driven),thenthere is a decreaseorreduction ofspin-rise
Calculation
of spin reduction is done by comparing the number of teeth on gears
that rotated compared to the number of gear teeth on the player.So the formula comparison teeth as follows:Comparison Dental First = F / E x A / B = 40/20 x 40/20 = 4.Figure
4 shows that the moment the transmission output would be 4 times
greater than the moment at the input shaft, but the speed /
transmission output shaft rotation putraran ¼ of the input shaft. This means that the same engine rpm, vehicle speed is slower. It is necessary to lift the burden of a larger vehicle with a fixed power.Both the position of teeth, the second speed gear A on the release of the gear B, and C are connected keroda gear teeth D. So
that the flow of energy / rotation of the gear to gear E F, F spin gear
with gear D, then D rotating gears gears C and forwarded to the
transmission output shaft.Calculation of spin reduction equal to the first gear position above, namely:Comparison of Dental Both = F / A x C / D = 40/20 x 30/30 = 2.Figure
2 shows that the moment the transmission output would be 2 times larger
than the moment at the input shaft, but the speed / transmission output
shaft rotation putraran ½ of the input shaft. This means that the same engine rpm, vehicle speed two times faster in comparing the first gear position.Third
tooth or the highest position, the position is a permanent free gear,
gear C is removed from D and shifted gears are connected directly
through a dog clutch with gear E. thus the input shaft rotation with output shaft rotation or 1: 1.Position Reverse / Reverse, is required to drive the vehicle backward. In
this position C shifted gears in neutral and shifted gears A gear
associated with H, spin gear to gear E F G next gear that rotates
together with the gears rotate gears F H, and H gears A gear wheel and the transmission output keporos forwarded by the reverse rotation of the input shaft. When the number of G is 10 teeth, thenComparison of Dental Both = F / E x H / G x A / H = F / E x A / G = 40/20 x 40/10 = 8.Figure
8 shows that the moment the transmission output will be 8 times larger
than the moment at the input shaft, but the speed / rotation
transmission output shaft 1/8 of putraran input shaft. This means that the same engine rpm, vehicle speed of 1/8 more slowly. b) Unit Selector MechanismAs
mentioned in the description above, the existing transmission equipment
which is used to operate the transmission onalkan, ie to change from
one speed to another kekecepatan. Gears
in the transfer should not be double splicing, such as gears A gear
associated with H or B, then C is also associated gear to gear E or D. When
this happens, the consequences could be fatal, if not locked or can not
spin all, mak damage can occur on one pair of gears.To prevent these problems, the manual transmission is equipped with a device selector mechanism, as shown in the image below. Forkselector(selectorfork)onadrawing,usedtoshift thegears on themainshaft.In thethree-speedtransmissionplus onereversespeedselectorforkrequires twopieces.The bottom of theforkselectorsassociatedwith the gears,while theupper partassociatedwithamovablehandlethe transmissionof the wheelhouse. Eachtransmissionmust be equippedwithpealatan(a)toput thegearselectortoavoidair-geraksendiri,and(b)toprevent thetwogearsare connectedsimultaneously.Sobserves to holdthe position ofthe gears.In this position,if onegearis moved,then itislocked bya mechanismothersectors,such aswasseenin the picturec.Pennguncianthrough designthat is placedbetween theplungerrodselector.Thusif one ofthe gearswillbe connected,thenthe otheris lockedin a neutral position.Agearwhenthe gearis connectedthenCis lockedin a neutral position.So thattheselectormechanismlikelybe attachedtwogearssimultaneouslycan be prevented.
c) Transmission4-speedsynchromesh The concept ofenergyflow/momentssimilar to thoseusedinthe abovethree-speedtransmission.The differenceintransmissiondoes notuse thesystemexceptfor thereverseslidinggear.Thisconditionallows theusedto bea formother thanspurgears, bothforms ofthedoublehelicalorhelical.Theseteethforminaddition to the morepowerful becausemore extensivecontact betweenhis teeth,his voiceis alsomore refined. Constructionof thistransmission, all thegears on themainshaft(mainshaft)connectedfree.Whilethemain shaftconnectedsychromeshsliding.
Indonesia's new cars are using a machine with a propulsion system valve, VVT-i, VTEC, valvetronik or VANOS. Toyota generally give the name of VVT-I engine. While the renamed Honda VTEC. VVT-i system VVT-i (Variable Valve Timing - Intelligent) is a series of devices to control the camshaft drive. The idea is to adjust the valve opening time with the condition of the engine. So that optimum torque can be obtained at each speed level. While saving fuel and reducing exhaust emissions. In the Toyota engine, this system was applied to the intake valve. The exposure time can be varied over a range of camshaft 60 degrees.
For example, at the start, a cold engine and stationary engine without a load, timing set back 30 degrees. This method would eliminate the overlap. Namely
events in and exhaust valves open simultaneously at the end of the
drainage step into the new valve will open some time after the exhaust
valve is fully closed. Logically, in these conditions the engine does not need extra work. By closing the exhaust valve, no fuel is wasted time getting sucked into the engine. Fuel
consumption and engine become more efficient when there are loads environment.while friendly, will forward 30 degrees timing. Degree of overlapping increases. The goal is to help drive the exhaust gas heat plus a mixture of fuel and air intake. Moreover, time is also increased due to compression of the inlet valve closes too early. The effect, so better volumetric efficiency. To that end, there's VVT-i controller on the intake camshaft timing gear. These tools consist of housing (house), then there is room inside the oil to move the vane (vane). Propeller is connected to the camshaft. In it there are two lines of each oil to the oil chamber in the house VVT-i controller. Different from the oil line is, vane will set the valve opening time. Timing advance position to come forward to fill the oil to the rear of each vane blades.
So that the vane will move forward and timing position had come forward 30 degrees. Own the oil pressure supplied by the Oil Control Valve camshaft timing is adjusted by the engine ECU. In contrast, for conditions retard (backward), the space in front of the vane position will be filled and timing back. Meanwhile, if required at standard conditions, there is a pin that will lock the fixed vane position is in the middle. Actually there is a more sophisticated system, called VVTL-i (Variable Valve Timing-Intelligent Lift). In addition to playing time of valve opening, high, too differentiated. The
advanced technology VTEC Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic
Controlled (VTEC) Honda innovation results showing different
mechanisms. The main difference is the inclusion of valve movement. In the 16 valve engine, there are two each incoming and exhaust valves in each cylinder. VTEC is applied only on the intake valve. This valve controls the efficiency of the engine more powerful. The
assumption, does not require the opening of the disposal process for
the current variable valve exhaust, engine work will be more lightly. In the VTEC engine, the second intake valve does not always move together. For example, at low speed there is only one valve is open. Opening is relatively small because the characters are punched camshaft valve is suitable for low speed. This condition is considered appropriate for the machine. Due to the low round of the air supply does not need much. In addition, there could be air turbulence to help mix the fuel. Machine so economical, efficient, environmentally friendly too. As engine speed increased, the need for the air supply is also increasing. Directly answered by the second valve. A larger opening for nok chamshaft have a higher degree of character. Fun, had joined the first valve to open wider. This is due to any pin that connects the rocker arm and push the pin. Will automatically lock the pin was the second rocker arm. Because the second rocker arm actuated by a camshaft duration peak is higher, so it follows the movement of the first valve. In addition there are also VTEC i-VTEC (intelligent VTEC), which also includes the mechanism of ignition advance and rewind. Of maximize results to improve the efficiency of the engine.
Many studentsareasking"how to workmaticCVTonthat?Here'san explanationhow theCVTworksmay bemanyotherschoolvocational studentsalsodo not understandthe workingsofthe machineautomaticorCVT(ContinuouslyvaribleTransmission)on a motorcycle.It wasmuch simplerthana conventional engineortransmittingmachine. All componentscontained in theboxCVTCVTorthe visibleform is aswing armautomaticmotorcycleleftus,wholook sobigand heavy.Thereare threemaincomponents, namelythe frontpuly(DrivePulley),rearpuly(DrivenPulley)andv-belt.Pulyfrontconnected to theenginecrankshaft(crutch-as),whilepulyas-is connected tothe rearwheels.Pulyconnectingthe frontandrearpulyis av-belt. At the time ofstationaryorlow speed,pulyfronthasasmallerradiusthan therearorpulylightweightgearratios. Along with increasingengine speed(rpm),then theradius shouldpulyjoined upfrontwhile therearpulyactuallysmalleror equal to theweight ofthe gear ratio.Toworkv-beltconnectingthe twopulyjustso they can berunin turn.So thenexttimepulyenlargedcausingtherearpulyissmallerbecause of the insistenceof thev-belt,because the length ofv-beltis alwaysthe same inthisprocess. Because theCVTisa linearwork,then theautomaticmachinecanproduce a smooth accelerationwithoutlosingpower.